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Mid-Ocean Meeting Point
The Mid-Ocean Meeting Point (MOMP) was the name of a point south of Iceland where escort groups would meet World War II merchant ship convoys en route between Newfoundland and the British Isles. The actual meeting point might be different for each convoy, but was always north of 58° North and in the vicinity of 35° West.
==Background==
In the First and Second World War merchant ships of the Allies on the Atlantic sailed grouped into convoys to protect them better against enemy attacks. The type of escort depended upon the perceived threat. Anti-submarine escorts initially accompanied convoys only in the vicinity of the British Isles; while a battleship, cruiser, or armed merchant cruiser would accompany the convoy through the central ocean to defend against pocket battleships or merchant raiders.
As Axis submarines patrolled further from coastal Europe, it became difficult for short-range anti-submarine escorts to accompany a convoy through the entire danger zone and advantageous to designate segments of the route for a relay of escorts to accompany the convoy over individual segments. Some segments began or ended close to naval bases where the escorts could easily locate an assigned convoy. Efficient convoy routes sometimes required ocean meeting points more distant from bases.
Royal Canadian Navy assistance allowed trans-Atlantic anti-submarine escort by the end of May 1941. Convoys leaving Nova Scotia were escorted to a western ocean meeting point (WOMP or WESTOMP) off Newfoundland where a second escort group relieved the first escort group. The second escort group accompanied the convoy to the MOMP off Iceland, where a third escort group relieved the second escort group. The third escort group accompanied the convoy to an eastern ocean meeting point (EOMP) at approximately 18° West, where the final escort group would meet the convoy and accompany it into the Western Approaches.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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